Alternative Names: Caucasian mountain dog, Russian Kavkazkaya ovtcharka, Nagazi, Gampr
Country of Origin: Caucasus Mountain area in former USSR
History: The Caucasian ovcharka is believed to have developed from Tibetian dogs who accompanied nomads who settled in the Caucasus Mountain area over 2,000 years ago. Because the ovcharka was isolated from other breeds and not subjected to organized breed programs, it remained a pure but primitive dog. In the twentieth century, the USSR began a rigorous breeding program in order to utilize them as guard dogs.
Physical Description: The Caucasian ovcharka is a very large, powerfully built dog that is slightly longer than it is tall. There is a large, broad, wedge shaped head and high-set drop ears, which may be cropped. The muzzle is short and powerful, the almond eyes are deep set, and the nose is large and black. There is a double coat with a profuse ruff; it can be short, medium, or long. The coloring may be gray, white, cream, fawn, or tan with or without white markings, as well as brindle, piebald, and white with gray patches. There is often a dark mask.
Height: minimum 24.5 to 25.5 inches
Weight: no standard available
Temperament: The ovcharka is an intelligent, bold and even tempered dog. Although protective, it is calm and loyal toward family.
Activity Level: Moderate
Best Owner: This breed requires an owner experienced with guard dogs in a rural home where it is provided a job.
Special Needs: grooming, job or activity, socialization, training
Possible Health Concerns: hip and elbow dysplasia
